Design of Steel Structures Multiple Choice Questions and Answers
Design of Steel Structures Multiple Choice Questions and
Answers
1. The heaviest I-section for same depth is
a) ISMB
b) ISLB
c) ISHB
d) ISWB
Ans: c
2. Bending compressive
and tensile stresses respectively are calculated based on
a) net area and
gross area
b) gross area and
net area
c) net area in both
cases
d) gross area in
both cases
Ans: b
3. If the thickness
of thinnest outside plate is 10 mm, then the maximum pitch of rivets in tension
will be taken as
a) 120 mm
b) 160 mm
c) 200 mm
d) 300 mm
Ans: b
4. In a gusseted
base, when the end of the column is machined for complete bearing on the base
plate, then the axial load is assumed to be transferred to base plate
a) fully by direct
bearing
b) fully through
fastenings
c) 50% by direct
bearing and 50% through fastenings
d) 75% by direct
bearing and 25% through fastenings
Ans: c
5. When the axis of
load lies in the plane of rivet group, then the rivets are subjected to
a) only shear
stresses
b) only tensile
stresses
c) both (a) and (b)
d) none of the
above
Ans: a
6. When the axis of
load lies in the plane of rivet group, then the most heavily loaded rivet will
be the one which
a) is at the
maximum distance from CG of the rivet group
b) is at the
minimum distance from CG of the rivet group
c) gives the
maximum angle between the two forces Fa and Fm
d) gives the
minimum angle between the two forces Fa and Fm
where, Fa is the load shared by each rivet due to axial load
and Fm is the shearing load due to moment in any rivet.
Ans: d
7. Which of the
following types of riveted joint is free from bending stresses ?
a) lap joint
b) butt joint with
single cover plate
c) butt joint with
double cover plates
d) none of the
above
Ans: c
8. The difference
between gross diameter and nominal diameter for the rivets up to 25 mm diameter
is
a) 1.0 mm
b) 1.5 mm
c) 2.0 mm
d) 2.5 mm
Ans: b
9. As compared to
field rivets, the shop rivets are
a) stronger
b) weaker
c) equally strong
d) any of the above
Ans: a
10. If the
thickness of plate to be connected by a rivet is 16 mm, then suitable size of
rivet as per Unwin's formula will be
a) 16 mm
b) 20 mm
c) 24 mm
d) 27 mm
Ans: c
11. By providing
sufficient edge distance, which of the following failures of riveted joint can
be avoided ?
a) tension failure
of the plate
b) shear failure of
the rivet
c) shear failure of
the plate
d) crushing failure
of the rivet
Ans: c
12. Minimum pitch
of the rivets shall not be less than
a) 1.5 d
b) 2.0 d
c) 2.5 d
d) 3.0 d
where d is gross diameter of rivet
Ans: c
13. Efficiency of a
riveted joint, having the minimum pitch as per IS : 800, is
a) 40%
b) 50%
c) 60%
d) 70%
Ans: c
14. Select the
correct statement
a) Material cost of
a rivet is higher than that of a bolt.
b) Tensile strength
of a bolt is lesser than that of a rivet.
c) Bolts are used
as a temporary fastenings whereas rivets are used as permanent fastenings.
d) Riveting is less
noisy than bolting.
Ans: c
15. Bolts are most
suitable to carry
a) shear
b) bending
c) axial tension
d) shear and
bending
Ans: c
16. Diameter of a
bolt hole is usually taken as
a) gross diameter
of bolt
b) nominal diameter
+ 1.5 mm
c) nominal diameter
+ 2.0 mm
d) nominal diameter
of bolt
Ans: b
17. When the bolts
are subjected to reversal of stresses, the most suitable type of bolt is
a) black bolt
b) ordinary
unfinished bolt
c) turned and
fitted bolt
d) high strength
bolt
Ans: d
18. In the
cross-section of a weld, throat is the
a) minimum
dimension
b) average
dimension
c) maximum
dimension
d) none of the
above
Ans: a
19. The effective
length of a fillet weld should not be less than
a) two times the
weld size
b) four times the
weld size
c) six times the
weld size
d) weld size
Ans: b
20. For a standard
45° fillet, the ratio of size of fillet to throat thickness is
a) 1:1
b) 1 : V2
c) V2 : 1
d) 2: 1
Ans: c
21. A butt weld is
specified by
a) effective throat
thickness
b) plate thickness
c) size of weld
d) penetration
thickness
Ans: a
22. The actual
thickness of butt weld as compared to the thickness of plate is usually
a) more
b) less
c) equal
d) none of the
above
Ans: a
23. According to IS
Specifications, the maximum pitch of rivets in compression is
a) lesser of 200 mm
and 12 t
b) lesser of 200 mm
and 161
c) lesser of 300 mm
and 32 t
d) lesser of 3 00
mm and 24 t
where t is thickness of thinnest outside plate or angle
Ans: a
24. A circular
column section is generally not used in actual practice because
a) it is
uneconomical
b) it cannot carry
the load safely
c) it is difficult
to connect beams to the round sections
d) all of the above
Ans: c
25. The slenderness
ratio of a column supported throughout its length by a masonry wall is
a) zero
b) 10
c) 100
d) infinity
Ans: a
26. According to IS
Specifications, the effective length of a column effectively held in position
at both ends and restrained in direction at one end is taken as
a) 0.67 L
b) 0.8 L
c) L
d) 1.5 L
Ans: b
27. The effective length of a battened strut effectively
held in position at both ends but not restrained in direction is taken as
a) 1.8 L
b) L
c) 1.1 L
d) 1.5 L
Ans: c
28. The maximum
slenderness ratio of a compression member carrying both dead and superimposed
load is
a) 180
b) 200
c) 250
d) 350
Ans: a
29. The maximum
slenderness ratio of a steel column, the design of which is governed by wind or
seismic forces is
a) 150
b) 180
c) 250
d) 350
Ans: c
30. According to
IS:800, in the Merchant Rankine formula the value of imperfection index (n) is
a) 1.0
b) 1.4
c) 1.8
d) 2.0
Ans: b
31. The best
arrangement to provide unified behavior in built up steel columns is by
a) lacing
b) battening
c) tie plates
d) perforated cover
plates
Ans: a
32. If the 20 mm
rivets are used in lacing bars, then the minimum width of lacing bar should be
a) 40mm
b) 60mm
c) 80mm
d) 100mm
Ans: b
33. The use of tie
plates in laced columns is
a) prohibited
b) not prohibited
c) permitted at
start and end of lacing system only
d) permitted
between two parts of the lacing
Ans: c
34. Lacing bars in
a steel column should be designed to resist
a) bending moment
due to 2.5% of the column load
b) shear force due to 2.5% of the column load
c) 2.5% of the
column load
d) both (a) and (b)
Ans: b
35. Angle of
inclination of the lacing bar with the longitudinal axis of the column should
preferably be between
a) 10° to 30°
b) 30° to 40°
c) 40° to 70°
d) 90°
Ans: c
36. Battening is
preferable when the
i) column carries
axial load only
ii) space between
the two main components is not very large
iii) column is
eccentrically loaded The correct answer is
a) only (i)
b) only (iii)
c) (i) and (ii)
d) (ii) and (iii)
Ans: c
37. The effective
length of a battened column is increased by
a) 5%
b) 10%
c) 15%
d) 20%
Ans: b
38. The overlap of
batten plates with the main members in welded connections should be more than
a) 3t
b) 4t
c) 6t
d) 8t
where t = thickness of the batten plate
Ans: b
39. The slenderness
ratio of lacing bars should not exceed
a) 100
b) 120
c) 145
d) 180
Ans: c
40. Economical
depth of a plate girder corresponds to
a) minimum weight
b) minimum depth
c) maximum weight
d) minimum
thickness of web
Ans: a
41. Shear buckling
of web in a plate girder is prevented by using
a) vertical
intermediate stiffener
b) horizontal
stiffener at neutral axis
c) bearing
stiffener
d) none of the
above
Ans: a
42. Horizontal
stiffener in a plate girder is provided to safeguard against
a) shear buckling
of web plate
b) compression
buckling of web plate
c) yielding
d) all of the above
Ans: b
43. Minimum thickness of web in a plate girder,
when the plate is accessible and also exposed to weather, is
a) 5 mm
b) 6 mm
c) 8 mm
d) 10mm
Ans: b
44. The web
crippling due to excessive bearing stress can be avoided by
a) increasing the
web thickness
b) providing
suitable stiffeners
c) increasing the
length of the bearing plates
d) none of the
above
Ans: c
45. As per IS : 800,
for compression flange, the out stand of flange plates should not exceed
a) 121
b) 161
c) 201
d) 251
where t = thickness of thinnest flange plate
Ans: b
46. Intermediate
vertical stiffeners in a plate girder need be provided if the depth of web
exceeds
a) 501
b) 851
c) 200t
d) 2501
where t is thickness of web
Ans: b
47. Bearing stiffener
in a plate girder is used to
a) transfer the
load from the top flange to the bottom one
b) prevent buckling
of web
c) decrease the
effective depth of web
d) prevent
excessive deflection
Ans: b
48. The forces
acting on the web splice of a plate girder are
a) axial forces
b) shear and axial
forces
c) shear and
bending forces
d) axial and
bending forces
Ans: c
49. Gantry girders
are designed to resist
a) lateral loads
b) longitudinal
loads and vertical loads
c) lateral,
longitudinal and vertical loads
d) lateral and
longitudinal loads
Ans: c
50. Minimum spacing
of vertical stiffeners is limited to
a) d/4
b) d/3
c) d/2
d) 2d/3
where d is the distance between flange angles
Ans: b
51. Bearing stiffeners
are provided at
i) the supports
ii) the mid span
iii) the point of application of concentrated loads The
correct answer is
a) only (i)
b) both (i) and
(ii)
c) both (i) and
(iii)
d) (i), (ii) and
(iii)
Ans: c
52. Rivets connecting
flange angles to cover plates in a plate girder are subjected to
a) horizontal shear
only
b) vertical load
only
c) both (a) and (b)
d) none of the
above
Ans: a
53. The maximum
spacing of vertical stiffeners is
a) 1.33d
b) 1.25 d
c) 1.5 d
d) 1.75d
where d is the distance between flange angles
Ans: c
54. The range of
economical spacing of trusses varies from
a) L/3 to L/5
b) L/4to2L/5
c) L/3 to L/2
d) 2L/5 to 3L/5
where L is span
Ans: a
55. The maximum permissible
span of asbestos cement sheets is
a) 650 mm
b) 810 mm
c) 1250 mm
d) 1680 mm
Ans: d
56. Normally, the
angle of roof truss with asbestos sheets should not be less than
a) 26'/2°
b) 30°
c) 35°
d) 40°
Ans: b
57. To minimise the
total cost of a roof truss, the ratio of the cost of truss to the cost of
purlins shall be
a) 1
b) 2
c) 3
d) 4
Ans: b
58. Generally the
purlins are placed at the panel points so as to avoid
a) axial force in
rafter
b) shear force in
rafter
c) deflection of
rafter
d) bending moment
in rafter
Ans: d
59. For the
buildings having a low permeability, the internal wind pressure acting normal
to the wall and roof surfaces is taken as
a) zero
b) ±0.2p
c) ± 0.5 p
d) ±0.7p
where p is basic wind pressure
Ans: b
60. The relation
between intensity of wind pressure p and velocity of wind V is taken as
a) pa V
b) paV2
c) p a (1/V)
d) paV"2
Ans: b
61. The live load for a sloping roof with slope 15°, where
access is not provided to roof, is taken as
a) 0.65 kN/m2
b) 0.75 kN/m2
c) 1.35 kN/m2
d) 1.50 kN/m2
Ans: a
62. The internal pressure coefficient on walls for buildings
with large permeability is taken as
a) ± 0.2
b) ±0.5
c) ± 0.7
d) 0
Ans: c
63. The basic wind
speed is specified at a height 'h' above mean ground level in an open terrain.
The value of'h' is
a) 10 m
b) 20 m
c) 25 m
d) 50 m
Ans: a
64. The risk
coefficient k, depends on
a) mean probable
design life of structures
b) basic wind speed
c) both (a) and (b)
d) none of the
above
Ans: c
65. The external wind pressure acting on a roof depends on
a) degree of
permeability of roof
b) slope of roof
c) both (a) and (b)
d) none of the above
Ans: b
66. Area of
openings for buildings of large permeability is more than
a) 10% of wall area
b) 20% of wall area
c) 30% of wall area
d) 50% of wall area
Ans: b
67. As per IS :
875, for the purposes of specifying basic wind velocity, the country has been
divided into
a) 4 zones
b) 5 zones
c) 6 zones
d) 7 zones
Ans: c
68. The number of
seismic zones in which the country has been divided are
a) 3
b) 5
c) 6
d) 7
Ans: b
69. Minimum pitch
provided in riveted steel tanks is
a) 1.5 d
b) 2.0 d
c) 2.5 d
d) 3.0 d
where d is diameter of rivets
Ans: d
70. The allowable tensile stress in structural mild steel
plates for steel tank is assumed as
a) 95.0 MPa on net
area
b) 105.5 MPa on net
area
c) 105.5 MPa on
gross area
d) 150.0 MPa on
gross area
Ans: b
71. Steel tanks are
mainly designed for
a) weight of tank
b) wind pressure
c) water pressure
d) earthquake
forces
Ans: c
72. Which of the following sections should preferably be
used at places where torsion occurs ?
a) angle section
b) channel section
c) box type section
d) any of the above
Ans: c
73. The capacity of the smallest pressed steel tank is
a) 1000 litre
b) 1650 litre
c) 1950 litre
d) 2450 litre
Ans: c
74. The bracing between two columns of a steel tank will be
designed to resist
a) horizontal shear
due to wind or earthquake only
b) horizontal,
shear due to wind or earthquake + 2.5% of column loads
c) column loads +
2.5% of horizontal shear due to wind or earthquake
d) column loads +
full horizontal shear due to wind or earthquake
Ans: b
75. The minimum
thickness of plates in a steel stack should be
a) 4mm
b) 5 mm
c) 6 mm
d) 8 mm
Ans: c
76. Maximum pitch of
rivets, used in steel stacks, is limited to
a) 6t
b) 101
c) 121
d) 161
where t is thickness of thinner plate being connected
Ans: b
77. The diameter of
base of conical flare of a steel stack is
a) less than d
b) equal to d
c) more than d
d) any of the above
where d is the diameter of the cylindrical part
Ans: c
78. Hudson's
formula gives the dead weight of a truss bridge as a function of
a) bottom chord
area
b) top chord area
c) effective span
of bridge
d) heaviest axle
load of engine
Ans: a
79. If the loaded length of span in meters of a railway
steel bridge carrying a single track is 6 m, then impact factor is taken as
a) 0
b) 0.5
c) between 0.5 and
1.0
d) 1.0
Ans: c
80. If the floor is
supported at or near the bottom but top chords of a bridge are not braced, then
the bridge is called
a) deck type
b) through type
c) half through
type
d) double deck type
Ans: c
81. The centrifugal
force due to curvature of track is assumed to act on the bridge at a height of
a) 1.23 m above the
rail level
b) 1.50 m above the
rail level
c) 1.83 m above the
rail level
d) 2.13m above the
rail level
Ans: c
82. The effect of
racking forces is considered in the design of
i) lateral braces
ii) chord members
The correct answer is
a) only (i)
b) only (ii)
c) both (i) and
(ii)
d) none of the
above
Ans: a
83. The portal
bracing in a truss bridge is used to
a) transfer load
from top of end posts to bearings
b) keep the
rectangular shape of the bridge cross-section
c) stiffen the
structure laterally
d) prevent the
sideways buckling of top chord
Ans: a
84. The sway
bracing is designed to transfer
a) 2Vi % of the top
panel wind load to bottom bracing
b) 10% of the top
panel wind load to bottom bracing
c) 25% of the top
panel wind load to bottom bracing
d) 50% of the top
panel wind load to bottom bracing
Ans: d
85. Study the
following statements.
i) Top lateral bracing prevents the sidesway buckling of the
chord.
ii) Sway bracing keeps the rectangular shape of the bridge
cross-section.
iii) Sway bracing transfers the load from top of end posts
to bearings.
The correct answer is
a) only (i)
b) both (i) and
(ii)
c) both (i) aad
(iii)
d) all (i), (ii)
and (iii)
Ans: b
86. The bracing provided in the plane of end posts is called
a) sway bracing
b) portal bracing
c) top lateral
bracing
d) bottom lateral
bracing
Ans: b
87. compression force in two end posts The pin of a rocker
bearing in a bridge is designed for
a) bearing and
shear
b) bending and
shear
c) bearing and
bending
d) bearing, shear
and bending
Ans: d
88. The least
dimension in case of a circular column of diameter D is taken as
a) 0.5 D
b) 0.68 D
c) 0.88 D
d) D
Ans: c
89. In case of
timber structures, the form factor for solid circular cross-section is taken as
a) 1.18
b) 1.414
c) 1.67
d) 1.81
Ans: a
90. In case of
timber structures, the simple bending formula M = fz may be applied for
a) rectangular
beams up to 300 mm
depth
b) all rectangular
beams
c) solid circular
beams only
d) all square
cross-section beams
Ans: a
91. The elastic
strain for steel is about
a) 1/12 of strain
at the initiation of strain hardening and about 1/120 of maxi-mum strain
b) 1/2 of strain at
the initiation of strain hardening and about 1/12 of maxi-mum strain
c) 1/12 of strain
at the initiation of strain hardening and 1/200 of maximum strain
d) 1/24 of strain at
the initiation of strain hardening and about 1/200 of maximum strain
Ans: c
92. The mechanism
method and the statical method give
a) lower and upper
bounds respectively on the strength of structure
b) upper and lower
bounds respectively on the strength of structure
c) lower bound on
the strength of structure
d) upper bound on
the strength of structure
Ans: b
93. The moment-curvature relation at a plastic hinge
is
a) linear
b) parabolic
c) constant moment
for all curvatures
d) constant
curvature for all moments
Ans: c
94. Shape factor is
a property which depends
a) only on the
ultimate stress of the material
b) only on the
yield stress of the material
c) only on the
geometry of the section
d) both on the yield
stress and ultimate stress of material
Ans: c
95. The statical
method of plastic analysis satisfies
a) equilibrium and
mechanism conditions
b) equilibrium and
plastic moment conditions
c) mechanism and
plastic moment conditions
d) equilibrium
condition only
Ans: b
96. The mechanism
method of plastic analysis satisfies
a) equilibrium and
mechanism conditions
b) equilibrium and
plastic moment conditions
c) mechanism and
plastic moment conditions
d) equilibrium condition
only
Ans: a
97. Load factor is
a) always equal to
factor of safety
b) always less than
factor of safety
c) always greater
than factor of safety
d) sometimes
greater than factor of safety
Ans: c
98. The ratio of
plastic section modulus to elastic section modulus
a) is equal to 1
b) is always less
than 1
c) is always
greater than 1
d) can be less than
1
Ans: c
99. Other conditions being same, the load factor in
indeterminate structures is
a) equal to load
factor in determinate structures
b) more than the
load factor in determinate structures
c) less than the
load factor in determinate structures
d) unpredictable
Ans: b
100. Which of the
following conditions is to be satisfied both in elastic and plastic analysis ?
a) equilibrium
condition
b) yield condition
c) plastic moment
condition
d) mechanism
condition
Ans: a
101. In the virtual
work method, the virtual quantity is
a) displacement
b) load
c) slope
d) moment
Ans: a
102. As per IS:800,
in the plastic design, which of the following pairs are correctly matched?
Working Loads Load factor
(i) Dead load 1.7
(ii) Dead Load + imposed load 1.7
(iii) Dead load + load due to wind or 1.3 seismic forces
(iv) Dead load + imposed load + load 1.7
due to wind or seismic forces Of these statements
a) (i) and (ii) are
correct
b) (i), (ii) and
(iii) are correct
c) (ii) and (iii)
are correct
d) only (i) is
correct
Ans: a
103. The shape
factor of an isosceles triangle for bending about the axis parallel to the base
is:
a) 1.5
b) 1.7
c) 2.0
d) 2.34
Ans: d
104. In case of
plastic design, the calculated maximum shear capacity of a beam as per IS:800
shall be
a) 0.55 Awfy
b) 0.65 Awfy
c) 0.75 Awfy
d) 0.85 Awfy
where, Aw = effective
cross-sectional area resisting shear fy = yield stress of the steel
Ans: a
105. The minimum
thickness of a steel plate, which is directly exposed to weather and is not
accessible for cleaning and repainting, should be:
a) 4.5 mm
b) 6 mm
c) 8 mm
d) 10 mm
Ans: c
106. The moment of
inertia of the pair of vertical stiffeners about the center line of the web
should not be less than.
a) 1.5dV/C
b) 1.5d¥/C
c) 1.5d¥/C2
d) 1.5dY/C3
where, 't' is the minimum required thickness of the web and
'C is the maximum permitted clear distance between vertical stiffener for
thickness 't'.
Ans: c
107. The connection
of intermediate vertical stiffeners to the web, not subjected to external
loads, shall be designed for a minimum shear force (kN/m) of
a) 75 t2/h
b) 125 t3/h2
c) 125 t2/h
d) 175 t2/h
where, t = the web
thickness in mm h = the out stand of stiffener in mm
Ans: c
108. For a
compression member with double angle section, which of the following section
will give larger value of minimum radius of gyration?
a) equal angles
back to back
b) unqual legged
angles with long legs back to back
c) unequal legged
angles with short legs back to back
d) both (b) or (c)
Ans: b
109. Lug angles
a) are used to
reduce the length of connection.
b) are unequal
angles.
c) increases shear
lag.
d) all the above
Ans: a
110. For rivets in tension with counter-sunk heads, the
tensile value shall be
a) reduced by 25 %
b) reduced by 33.3%
c) increased by 25
%
d) increased by
33.3 %
Ans: b
111. A steel beam
supporting loads from the floor slab as well as from wall is termed as
a) stringer beam
b) lintel beam
c) spandrel beam
d) header beam
Ans: c
112. Pitch of
tacking rivets, when double angles connected back to back and acting as tension
members should not be more than
a) 500 mm
b) 600 mm
c) 1000 mm
d) 300 mm
Ans: c
113. In moment
resistant connections, the moment resistance of riveted connection depends upon
a) shear in rivets
b) compression in
rivets
c) tension in
rivets
d) strength of
rivets in bearing
Ans: c
114. The allowable
shear stress in the web of mild steel beams decreases with
a) decrease in h/t ratio
b) increase in h/t
ratio
c) decrease in
thickness
d) increase in
height
where 'h' is height and t is thickness
Ans: b
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